Northside Developments Pty Ltd v Registrar-General-Free-Samples

Question: Write a report on Northside Developments Pty Ltd v Registrar-General. Answer: Case Introduction Northside Developments Pty Ltd. was established in 1965 with the exclusive function of holding certain land in North South Wales in Australia. The company had been regulated three directors i.e. Robert Ellis, John Lees, and Robert Sturgess. All the three directors had the power to hold or control all the stakes of the company. On 14th of November in 1979, Mr Horder, who was the accountant of the company, had also been holding the position of the secretary of the company, resigned the office. On the same day, Gerard Sturgess, who was the son of one of the directors, Robert Sturgess, signed the approval to act as secretary on the request of his father. A legal document for changing the secretary was signed by Robert Sturgess on 20th of November in 1979 and then it was submitted to the Corporate Affairs Commission 2 days afterward. Neither Lees nor Ellis be acquainted with or approved this 'appointment'. In addition, it was not also became a reason of dispute, because of which, the supp osed appointment of Gerard Sturgess as the secretary of Northside was invalid(Austlii, 1990). The case is related to the mortgage which was executed by the plaintiff company, under its common seal on 24th of December, 1979 to Barclays Credit Corporation Holdings Pty. Ltd. The mortgage paper were signed on 28th April, 1980 and the mortgagee i.e. Barclay Company sold the land to Mr. Harvey on 31st December 1980 through auction. It was argued by the plaintiff that the company had not executed any mortgage so would not have been binding on it. Furthermore, the company argued that it was deprived of its land due to indefeasibility provisions of the Real Property Act, according to which, there is no provision of remedies under Section 126 of the Real Property Act, if the deprivation has not occurred due to the fraud of the persons who had obtained the registration, i.e. Barclays and Mr. Harvey and the remedy can only be obtained under Section 127 against Registrar General(CCH Australia Limited, 2017). Duties or Responsibilities breached Northside Developments was integrated in order to hold the land. The alleged mortgage was made over the land by Northside Developments through its common seal to Barclays so as to secure the payment of principle and interest under the loan made to the Barclays to other companies owned and controlled by Robert Sturgess, who was a director of Northside Company. The Northside had no interest in any of these companies and as the mortgage was registered, Barclays sold the land through the process of auction to the third party, who became the registered proprietor afterwards. Northside sued Robert Sturgess for the damages under Section 127 of the Act through compensation for the loss of its estate and interest in the land on the basis that it did not have executed the mortgage documents(Victoria Supreme Court, 1998). As per Section 127 of the Act, the act permits a person who receives loss or damages as a result of registration of any person as proprietor of land, who is prevented by Act from bringing proceedings for possession or recovery, to take action against the Registrar General as nominal defendant for the recovery of damages(Bond University, 1990). However, the registered articles of Northside had the provision in Article 56 provided which, the Directors of the company should protect the seal and it should be used by the authority of the Directors or otherwise, in presence of at least one Director, who shall sign every document to which the seal is attached and is required to be counter-signed by the Secretary or one more Director or by any other person appointed with the approval of the Directors for this purpose(Victoria University of Wellington Law Faculty, 1993). Analysis of Court Decision The judgment of the court of appeal of New South Wales established that the mortgage could not be accomplished by the appellant and the type of the mortgage transaction was such as to require the lender to make investigations regarding the rights of Robert and Gerard Sturgess to arrive into the mortgage in the best interests of the company as well as to affix the common seal. In addition to it, Barclays had not made any enquiries(Tunstall Consulting, 2008). Thus, the court awarded the damages in favor of Northside, in the form of an order against the Registrar-General, in which it was stated that the Registrar-General will have to recompense the company for the cost of land. The Registrar-General appealed to the full Supreme Court on the basis of certain points that the plaintiff company was the cause of its own problems by lax administration. On the other hand, the company had itself provided the authority to Robert Sturgess because of which, it was possible for him to conduct the t ransaction. Moreover, if the plaintiff had succeeded Robert Sturgess, who must be considered to be guilty of wrongful exercise of lawful authority, would had benefitted him. There was estoppel against the plaintiff in relation to Barclays, from alleging that the mortgage had not been properly executed by asset of the indoor management rule of the company(Chapple Lipton, 2002). It was agreed upon by the Court of Appeal that concerning the conditions essential for a party to be put upon inquiry and particularly, in this case, considerations pointed out by the company in order to explain that Barclays had been put upon inquiry were that the company regulated by Robert Sturgess, was in need of a loan and offered the land as security, of which he was not the owner. Above it, the security was the sole significant asset of the Northside Company, so the basic inquiry would have to be disclosed by the credit provider. Moreover, the loan provided to the company of Robert Strugess, secured by the mortgage was not associated with the business of Northside. The operative recipient of the mortgage i.e. Robert Sturgess was also the director of the mortgagor company i.e. Northside, of which, his son was the Secretary, who joined him in the execution of the mortgage, should have put Barclays informed of the possible irregularity. The transaction in this case was of the lan d title transference, in which a huge formality and extreme investigation was required(Australia High Court, 2004). It is in general a rule that for the purpose of transactions that involve the title of land, extreme investigations are performed regarding zoning, land tax, along with the authority of the company. Barclays or their solicitors should have performed such investigations before entering into transaction process. It was stated by the court that 'forgery' exception cannot be applied to the case because the signature on the transaction documents were genuine and, even if unauthorized, claimed to be that of a person holding the office in conditions where the actions taken by him were perfectly legitimate and standard. In this case, the issue was simply whether the company was prevented from presenting that the document of guarantee was sealed and witnessed without the authority. The documents of mortgage were provided to the Barclays not for the purpose of business with Northside and neither for the benefit of that company, but to secure the debts of the companies of Robert Sturgess, which was sufficiently adequate to put Barclays on inquiry. In view of the fact that the third party i.e. Barclays had been put upon inquiry, the rule functioned in Turquand's case could not be applied to prevent Northside from presenting that the documents of mortgage were not their documents. It was therefore stated that the appeal should be allowed and the court should decide whether Barclays had been inquired should be considered on the basis of nature of the transaction(The University of California, 1991). After the analysis of the characteristic and possibility of the indoor management rule, the court stated that the rule cannot be applied, in which, there is a document sealed or signed in the best interests of the company is considered as a falsification(Morrison, 1996). In this case, it was nowhere found that Northside had deprived Robert Sturgess from having the authority to utilize its land in behalf of the company and the contract was finalized without the actual or clear authority of Northside, which is why, the utilization of the seal was considered to be as forgery(LawTeacher, 2017). It was stated to be needless to consider whether had there been superficial authority to bind the company, the applicability of the rule would have resulted in the form of a binding document. Relevance of the decision to the development of Australian corporations' law It was suggested that the rules of the company or the corporation should be specific in order to require satisfaction regarding the internal management procedures of the corporation that would involve usually unnecessary interference into its affairs and frequently, the exclusive presentation of evidences and proofs which, for the issues related to the corporation, would be entirely formal and will have no actual practical utility. That is why; the law does not usually require dealing with the company that the party so trading should be performed in a legitimate manner(Amazonaws.com, 2017). The contemporary English cases in the Court of Appeal which have been measured the Turquand rule as a use of organizational principles did not involve contracts where the company seal was attached to the document. The second thing is that there are few Australian decisions that deal with the company contracts under seal that have stated the rule in conditions that are self-governing of the organizational principles(Australian Institute of Banking and Finance, 1994). The provisions of the Companies Code of New South Wales, section 68A and section 68C exhibit that the legislatures of Australia do not admit the fact that the liability of a company for the unauthorized acts should be based solely upon the organizational principles. It was also mentioned that the "positive corporate seal rule" is not an application of the agency principles but an individual rule of the company law. It was also to be mentioned that, for the use of the indoor management rule, it is essential to concentrate upon the behavior of the company itself instead of giving emphasis to the behavior of the third party trading with the company i.e. Barclays in this case(Adelaide Law Review Association, 1990). It was found by the court that the other two directors were least interested in operating the company because that had been unsuccessful preventing Gerard Sturgess from acting as secretary of the company and permitted only one director to operate the company, the company should be prohibited from declaring that the majority of its directors were not concerned about the issues that have affected the company. In this case, the extent and clarification of the Indoor Management Rule was explained by the judgment given by the High Court of Australia. The relationship between the indoor management rule and the constitution of the company was established in a manner that the constitution of the company restricts the authorities of the persons executing the binding instruments or involving in the transactions on behalf of the company. The question of law whether the power could have been under the constitution was answered by the indoor management rule. This rule covers all the associations between the structure of the company as well as the particular act or omission performed by the officer or manager of the company in the process of transaction. It was considered by the Chief Justice that the rule in Turquand's case should be regarded as an exceptional rule of company law, only in the cases, where the utilization of company seal has been involved. It provided an altered approach of the High Court towards cases related to indoor management. As per the Explanatory Memorandum associated with the Bill, which introduced Section 68A within the Companies Code, the purpose of various paragraphs of Section 68A(3) was to reaffirm the rule as well as the qualifications to the rule in Turquand's case. However, the extent to which Section 68A codifies the indoor management rule has not been mentioned which was not answered in this case as well(De Jonge, 1990). The Code provisions might prove to be extensive in scope in comparison to the common law rule, in this manner downgrading the decision for the Northside for secondary effectiveness for third parties plaintiffs in search of depending upon the indoor management principles(New South W ales Law Reform Commission, 1993). References Adelaide Law Review Association, 1990. An Annual Survey of Australian Law. Law Book Company. Amazonaws.com, 2017. 7. Contracts with Outsiders. [Online] Available at: https://studentvip-notes.s3.amazonaws.com/1930-sample.pdf [Accessed 7 October 2017]. Austlii, 1990. CASE NOTES. [Online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/journals/MelbULawRw/1990/25.pdf [Accessed 7 October 2017]. Australia High Court, 2004. Australian Law Journal and Law Reports. Law Book Company of Australia. Australian Institute of Banking and Finance, 1994. The Australian Banker: Journal of the Australian Institute of Bankers. The Institute. Bond University, 1990. Bond Law Review. Bond Law Review Editorial Committee. CCH Australia Limited, 2017. 1990 CASES. [Online] Available at: https://www.iknow.cch.com.au/document/atagUio384868sl10516585/northside-developments-pty-ltd-v-registrar-general-ors-high-court-of-australia-28-june-1990 [Accessed 7 October 2017]. Chapple, L. Lipton, P., 2002. Corporate Authority and Dealings with Corporate Officers and Agents. CCH Australia Limited. De Jonge, A., 1990. Northside Developments Pty Ltd v Registrar-General of New South Wales. Melbourne University Law Review, 17(4), pp.748-58. LawTeacher, 2017. Role Of Agent. [Online] Available at: https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/business-law/role-of-agent.php [Accessed 7 October 2017]. Morrison, D., 1996. The Continued Role of the Common Law Indoor Management Rule Due Inquiry Exception. [Online] Available at: https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/data/UQ_356124/UQ356124_OA.pdf?Expires=1507440694Signature=MpuM4JKI0ibA8V~m6J~LUO-4nXxnJow94zE~HcLRH~Y~GIza41~uTZPLuhLh9mXGUugCpl8SWbcGIkAZlHPj-MqGJOSL5mj8dqWVwETO~4E7adlnqIGOLP0hrnr5tMe8Z2kB-3EtsXYqTjOEN9R3a9KFhkuLNhUBLb [Accessed 7 October 2017]. New South Wales Law Reform Commission, 1993. Report. The Commission. The University of California, 1991. New South Wales law reports. University of California. Tunstall Consulting, 2008. Corporate Responsibility: The duties and liabilities of the corporation. Victoria Supreme Court, 1998. Victorian Reports. Council of Law Reporting in Victoria. Victoria University of Wellington Law Faculty, 1993. Victoria University of Wellington Law Review. The Faculty

Chang Dental Clinic free essay sample

Chang Dental Clinic Case Analysis Chris Miller has been given an opportunity to take over an established dental clinic. The benefits of taking over this clinic is that he already has loyal customers and that there is only three clinics in the city. Miller has some major decisions that he needs to think about before he takes over this practice. He needs to decide how he will finance this purchase and how will he get the bank to give him a loan? Before we can even decide if he should go ahead with the purchase, we need to analyze three different scenarios of what can happen to the practice.We also need to make sure that Miller would be able to repay the loans as we are analyzing the different scenarios. Scenario 1 Scenario 1 is according to Miller’s assumption. He believes that he would reduce the associate fee to 15% and that the sales growth would equal to half the increase in sales from fiscal year 2004 and 2005. We will write a custom essay sample on Chang Dental Clinic or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With this in mind, I set g to equal 17. 5% which is considered â€Å"high† because inflation is 3%, so g has to be greater than 0. 08 + inflation. After that I decided to make the inflation 0. 16 because of the rule of thumb that we discussed in the infamous notes.According to the case, Miller would make the visit to the dentist more pleasurable and stress-less. The only way this scenario can happen is if new competition come in or he does a bad job in fixing teeth. Just to show the â€Å"worst case scenario,† I set growth rate at 0% and the rest of the years decline 5%. We would hope that after declining of sales, Miller would liquidate the firm in 2009. As we can see, change in working capital is increasing as sales are decreasing, which means he can’t pay off the debits. If we look at the cash flow forecast, if Miller decides to liquidate the firm in 2009, then the book value of the fixed assets would be 14,836 and the salvage value would be 10,385. This scenario is unlikely to occur because there is no way that Miller can fail that badly that sales just drop dramatically. Recommendation After analyzing all the scenarios, I believe that scenario 2 is the most likely scenario to happen. Miller should purchase the practice but make sure to keep expenses low.Miller needs to figure out what expenses they don’t need to pay so much money for but should not compromise with quality of care. Miller needs to understand as the practice grows and more patients come in, he would need associates to help him with the overload of patients. He should focus on keeping the customers happy and stress-free when they are at his clinic. There is going to be risk involved in buying this practice, but in long run it will make him a lot of money. The cash flow looks very strong and promising for a successful business.

Using a Sample Essay to Help Your First One

Using a Sample Essay to Help Your First OneWord sample essays are great to help you in writing your first essay. These essays will help you make sure that you can write a good essay and that the topic of the essay is relevant. The sample essay will also help you get your first essay started off right. You should start writing your first essay with the help of a sample.First, I want to discuss what sort of essay is going to be on a sample. A sample is simply writing on a subject that you know. It should be about something that you are familiar with. This means that if you do not know anything about the weather, you should not write an essay about the weather. On the other hand, if you know a lot about the weather, you should write about the weather.The essay should be about the subject that you know. For example, if you know nothing about cars, you should not write about cars. If you know very little about cars, you should write about cars.The topic that you choose for your essay is e xtremely important. If you have read some magazines or newspapers, you should choose a topic that is relevant to your reading material. If your reading material does not have any relevance to the topic, then you should move on to a different topic.The main purpose of the essay is to get the reader to pay attention to the essay. In other words, you need to make sure that your subject matter is going to make them stop, turn around, look at you, or take some action. People who are not paying attention to your essay are basically just wasting your time. Paying attention to an essay is difficult for most people. This is why it is so important to make sure that your subject matter is going to catch their attention.Finally, do not get discouraged. Sometimes you will have to rewrite an essay for the reason that you were too long or too short. However, if your essay is not doing well, you should review your essay and find out what was wrong with it. Then you should revise the essay and try a gain.Essays are not all alike. You need to find a topic that you are familiar with and that is going to interest you. Once you have these two things down, you can begin writing your first essay.As you can see, sample essays are great to help you make sure that you can write a good essay. You should start writing your first essay with the help of a sample.

Social Economics Within the Great Gatsby Essay Example

Social Economics Within the Great Gatsby Paper Instead, Fitzgerald explores two efferent classes of the wealthy. There are individuals, like Jordan Baker, who were born into their wealth. Her family has most likely had money for generations on end. Because of this they are called old money. In The Great Gatsby, the people who are born into old money do not have to work, do not talk about their wealth, and are able to go through their days entertaining themselves with whatever makes them happy. The characters who represent this group, Tom, Daisy, and Jordan, are most likely the most selective group, making distinctions of a persons kind of wealth. They base heir decisions not on how much wealth a person has, but on how long that person has had their wealth and how they made It. In the asses Gatsby and many others acquired their wealth. People like this were considered new money. The fact that these people are new money is enough reason for old money people, like Tom and Daisy, to not include them in their circle. According to the old money way of thinking, new money people could never have their kind of taste and sophistication. Not only does Gatsby work, but his origins are from a poor class, which means that he could not be good enough for Daisy. We will write a custom essay sample on Social Economics Within the Great Gatsby specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Social Economics Within the Great Gatsby specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Social Economics Within the Great Gatsby specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Daisy, coming from old money, is Judgmental and shallow. When she first met Gatsby, she decided she could not possibly be with him because of his lack of money. She failed to look at the essence of Gatsby and realize that this man was hard working and willing to make more money. Instead, she believed that she was superior and could not stoop to love a man without as much money as she. But are people from new money any different? If we look at Gatsby new money party-goers, we see that they attend his parties uninvited, they eat and drink his food, yet they dont show the courtesy to meet Gatsby. After Gatsby death, hey do not even show up to his funeral. Obviously, Fitzgerald does not show either the new or old money characters in a complimentary light. Their highest priority is living for today, the next party, and on what they can spend their money. Fitzgerald did a Just as explicit a job when portraying the middle class. Nick, even though he is from a family with some wealth, does not have by any means as much money as Tom or Daisy. In the end, he is revealed as a man with principles and integrity. He is confident In himself and his accomplishments and Is, therefore, able to mingle among the classes. In a word, Nick Is content. Myrtle, though, Is on the other side of the middle class spectrum. She Is currently married too middle class man, but Is a leads her into having an affair with Tom. Because of this need, Myrtle has distanced nearest Trot morals, Ana NAS no problem accenting on nerd NASDAQ IT It means Tanat for a short while she can live the lifestyle she desires. The Great Gatsby is often viewed as Fitzgerald masterpiece. It portrays an accurate picture of American society in the asses. The asses were filled with post-war economic growth, and Fitzgerald presents the frenzy of society to take part in that growth. The characters in the novel exemplify the ease with which new and greed can derail ones moral code. Other characters, especially those in the old money class, are only minimally aware that a moral code even matters. At the same time, Fitzgerald portrays a third group represented by Nick. These people stand apart from the social frenzy. They hold their moral code above the quest for wealth. They live apart from the lure of social class. Despite the wish of many to view America as a classless society, The Great Gatsby reveals that class distinctions not only exist but also define acceptable behavior.

Free Essays on Personal Problems And Public Issues

We don’t often think of the problems we go through as sociological issues, but in looking at the lives of similar groups of people we can see that many of the everyday problems of average people occur on a larger basis in our country. Some are easier to spot such as unemployment, even though it affects each person laid off once the rates get to a certain point it is obvious that the rates are due to economical factors not the characteristics of each individual (Mills 1). I have found that a problem that is becoming more evident in our everyday lives is a growing us of dangerous supplements in teenage athletes. When I was thirteen I started in my first school sport. I became a wrestler. I fell in love with the sport. As I grew older it was something that dominated my life on and off the mat. I often found myself in class wishing I was wrestling. Naturally as I became older I also became more a competitive athlete as did the rest of my friends that wrestled or played any high school sport for that matter. Talk of being a competitor at state championships or who was favored at the next match often filled the hallways. Generally this competition appeared a good thing to me. I was a better athlete because of that competition. Being a wrestler I often heard people talk about â€Å"why would you do that to your body?† referring to dropping weight. At first the idea seemed absurd. The conversations with others about what supplements I was taking or not taking took place almost every day. As I spent more time conversing with wrestlers from other school I found the phenomenon was far from iso lated to my school or even my state. Pills such as Xenadrine, DHEA, and Androstat where almost a necessary thing. To keep up with the bell curve of students taking the same things everyone â€Å"had to do it.† Instead of sticking with these already dangerous or at the very least unhealthy pills people often felt pushed to try even bigger and better things. O... Free Essays on Personal Problems And Public Issues Free Essays on Personal Problems And Public Issues We don’t often think of the problems we go through as sociological issues, but in looking at the lives of similar groups of people we can see that many of the everyday problems of average people occur on a larger basis in our country. Some are easier to spot such as unemployment, even though it affects each person laid off once the rates get to a certain point it is obvious that the rates are due to economical factors not the characteristics of each individual (Mills 1). I have found that a problem that is becoming more evident in our everyday lives is a growing us of dangerous supplements in teenage athletes. When I was thirteen I started in my first school sport. I became a wrestler. I fell in love with the sport. As I grew older it was something that dominated my life on and off the mat. I often found myself in class wishing I was wrestling. Naturally as I became older I also became more a competitive athlete as did the rest of my friends that wrestled or played any high school sport for that matter. Talk of being a competitor at state championships or who was favored at the next match often filled the hallways. Generally this competition appeared a good thing to me. I was a better athlete because of that competition. Being a wrestler I often heard people talk about â€Å"why would you do that to your body?† referring to dropping weight. At first the idea seemed absurd. The conversations with others about what supplements I was taking or not taking took place almost every day. As I spent more time conversing with wrestlers from other school I found the phenomenon was far from iso lated to my school or even my state. Pills such as Xenadrine, DHEA, and Androstat where almost a necessary thing. To keep up with the bell curve of students taking the same things everyone â€Å"had to do it.† Instead of sticking with these already dangerous or at the very least unhealthy pills people often felt pushed to try even bigger and better things. O...

GM foods-where do we cross the line Discuss Essay

GM foods-where do we cross the line Discuss - Essay Example Farmers are involved for making better quality foods which are pest resistant and more nutritious. It can be produced with lesser gestation period and taste better than the natural produce. Traits of different plants are used to produce a better and richer quality of food. "Thirteen countries grew genetically-engineered crops commercially in 2000, and of these, the U.S. produced the majority. In 2000, 68% of all GM crops were grown by U.S. farmers. In comparison, Argentina, Canada and China produced only 23%, 7% and 1%, respectively. Other countries that grew commercial GM crops in 2000 are Australia, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Mexico, Romania, South Africa, Spain, and Uruguay. Soybeans and corn are the top two most widely grown crops (82% of all GM crops harvested in 2000), with cotton, rapeseed (or canola) and potatoes trailing behind. 74% of these GM crops were modified for herbicide tolerance, 19% were modified for insect pest resistance, and 7% were modified for both herbicide tolerance and pest tolerance. Globally, acreage of GM crops has increased 25-fold in just 5 years, from approximately 4.3 million acres in 1996 to 109 million acres in 2000 - almost twice the area of the United Kingdom. Approximately 99 million acres were devoted to GM crops in the U.S. and Argentina alone. In the U.In the U.S., approximately 54% of all soybeans cultivated in 2000 were genetically-modified, up from 42% in 1998 and only 7% in 1996. In 2000, genetically-modified cotton varieties accounted for 61% of the total cotton crop, up from 42% in 1998, and 15% in 1996. GM corn and also experienced a similar but less dramatic increase. Corn production increased to 25% of all corn grown in 2000, about the same as 1998 (26%), but up from 1.5% in 1996. As anticipated, pesticide and herbicide use on these GM varieties was slashed and, for the most part, yields were increased." (Whitman, 2000) According to Aigner, genetically modified plants are unwanted by both consumers and farmers. The minister for the environment, Sigmar Gabriel, has suggested that Germany follow the example of "countries like France that have imposed a unilateral ban on GM maize cultivation". Furthermore, Gabriel recommended that national policy be reviewed before the start of spring planting. According to a report in GMO Compass (2009), despite the several debates and bans, the cultivation of genetically modified plants continues to increase worldwide. In 2008, GM crops rose by a figure of 9.4 per cent to occupy 125 million hectares. GM plants are employed in 25 countries, of which Bolivia, Burkina Faso and Egypt are the newest. For soybean, the area occupied by GM varieties expanded to 65.8 mil. hectares (2007: 58.6), maize to 37.3 (35.2), cotton to 15.5 (15.0), and rapeseed to 5.9 (5.0). GM varieties represent 72 per cent of the global production of soybean and 47 per cent of cotton. These figures are taken from the yearly report by the agro-biotechnology agency ISAAA (International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications) on the cultivation of GM plants. The report was published on 11 February in Nairobi (Kenya). Genetically Modified Crops Across the World An "estimate says that there are almost 30000 different products on grocery store shelves are "modified." That's largely because many processed foods contain soy. Half of North

Treatment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Treatment - Essay Example Which self-help groups (12-step and non-12-step groups) discussed in the textbook is available in your community or neighboring community? How many meetings of each group are offered per week and what are the venues? If a group is not available, state that. Most of the groups are the 12-step groups and majority of them meet three times in a week while others meet twice in a week. Since there are three groups, they each have their own venue to avoid clash of the days of the meeting but all these areas are in halls. One has the social hall, the other the gymnasium in the high school and the last one meets in the elementary school’s hall. Given your response to the above two questions, which groups’ meetings are feasible for a person to attend? That is, are all the self-help groups mentioned in the textbook represented in your community neighboring community? The most feasible for an addict that is still working is the 12-step group since daily presence is not needed, but if the addict is truly not-functional, then they can try the non 12-step program even if not available in the neighborhood as most are in-house like the St. Jude Retreat mentioned above. Not all the groups are available and only the 12-step group is but not the